Finished my first read of the study. There are several limitations to the authors conclusions, chief among them that their use of Ecosim/Ecopath models set at 2004 base parameters and run for 100 year intervals consistently underestimated wild Chinook biomass in all scenarios where adjustments of salmonine stocking rates, Quagga sp. mussel density, and/or Total Phosphorus were manipulated. The second conclusion that I would challenge is that prey-switching behavior exhibited by steelhead and lake trout diminished their impact on alewife stocks, which based on the stable isotope food habits data for Lake Michigan salmonines, totally ignores documentation that lake trout preferential predation on sexually mature adult alewife.
They conclude that stocking species array manipulations would have little or no impact on forage biomass levels, largely because the consumption component of the model specific to lake trout is inaccurate and grossly understates their foraging impacts on the alewife stock. They contend the bottom-up impacts have the greatest impacts on constricting biomass, arguing the Total P enhancement would have marked beneficial impacts on the salmonine biomass lakewide.
The authors go on to conclude that no wide-scale salmonine food habits data in the current era exists for Lake Michigan fishes. Gee, I thought that stable isotope food habits data derived by the USFWS essentially trumps all stomach analysis techniques, since it yields a tissue level chronologic signature of what a species consumes over many months of feeding, not a couple of days or weeks within a seasonal sequence of samples. The other point of interest is that stable isotopic food habits signatures can be employed to determine quite accurately the degree and temporal extent of food habits overlap, as well as degree of interspecific competition among species. Then again, if you ignore its existence, it actually does have no validity or impact as a guide to management decisions or, for that matter, direction.
Now, let's toss-in the Quagga sp mussel colony conduit that taps dry fallout of methyl-mercury out to depths of nearly three hundred feet in lake sections and time intervals absent stratification... IF round goby are deemed "the new alewife", then I would also rightfully and accurately conclude that lake trout are still the "toxic box of fish fillets" that they were in the interval two decades prior the our current fishery's existence.